What are the biggest federal programs?

The three biggest federal programs are health care (including Medicare and Medicaid), pensions (including Social Security), and Defense.

US Federal Budget Analyst

FY25 Federal Budget Spending Estimates
for Fiscal Years 2024 - 2029

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$ billion nom$ trillion nom$ million nomInflation$ bln 2017$2017 per cap$2017/cap/daypercent GDPpercent GOpct series Units: By default, values are displayed in billions of nominal dollars. By using a dropdown control in the table heading you can select millions of dollars, percent of GDP, percent of federal total, percent of overall total, dollars per capita of population, and thousand dollars per capita of population. FY 26* Fed BudgetFY 25 Fed BudgetFY 24 Fed BudgetFY 23 Fed BudgetFY 22 Fed BudgetFY 21 Fed BudgetFY 20 Fed BudgetFY 19 Fed BudgetFY 18 Fed BudgetFY 17 Fed BudgetFY 16 Fed BudgetFY 15 Fed BudgetFY 14 Fed BudgetFY 13 Fed BudgetFY 12 Fed BudgetFY 11 Fed BudgetFY 10 Fed BudgetFY 09 Fed BudgetFY 08 Fed BudgetFY 07 Fed BudgetFY 06 Fed BudgetFY 05 Fed BudgetFY 04 Fed BudgetFY 03 Fed BudgetFY 02 Fed BudgetFY 01 Fed BudgetFY 00 Fed BudgetFY 99 Fed BudgetFY 98 Fed BudgetFY 97 Fed BudgetFY 96 Fed BudgetFY 95 Fed BudgetFY 94 Fed BudgetFY 93 Fed BudgetFY 92 Fed BudgetFY 91 Fed BudgetFY 90 Fed BudgetFY 89 Fed BudgetFY 88 Fed BudgetFY 87 Fed BudgetFY 86 Fed Budget US Budget Year: By default, the table displays budgeted and estimated numbers from the most recent US Federal Budget submitted to the Congress by the president. But you can look at numbers from other US Federal Budgets using this dropdown control. No Pie Chart2024 chart2025 chart2026 chart2027 chart2028 chart2029 chart US Budget Year: By default, the table displays budgeted and estimated numbers from the most recent US Federal Budget submitted to the Congress by the president. But you can look at numbers from other US Federal Budgets using this dropdown control. full screen
	US Federal Government FY 25 Budget Estimated Outlays in $ billion nominal
-5yr -1yr   as of Winter 2024   +1yr

				Estimated Outlays from US Federal FY 25 Budget
Change View: people old functions radical census programs altprog oldprog COFOG Change Data View: The default view of spending data is by function. But you can also view data by program or the UN COFOG classification system.				FY 2024  Outlays	FY 2025  Outlays	FY 2026  Outlays	FY 2027  Outlays	FY 2028  Outlays	FY 2029  Outlays
[+]	Pensions			1,528.6	1,609.6	1,703.2	1,797.8	1,900.2	1,985.0
[+]	Health Care			1,705.5	1,834.9	1,954.3	2,079.3	2,257.5	2,265.5
[+]	Education			312.0	207.5	206.6	221.2	243.9	256.7
[+]  Charts: Click on a to display a bar of data in a row or column of this table. Click on to display a time-series chart of data in a row. [+] Drill-down: Click on the [+] to drill down to more detailed numbers. For federal spending line items (but not revenue) you can drill down three levels to view about 4,000 items of spending at the “agency code” level.	Defense			1,323.9	1,363.4	1,388.5	1,423.2	1,484.8	1,490.8
[+]	Welfare			553.9	735.5	601.4	587.0	613.7	622.6
[+]	Protection			55.3	56.1	56.0	55.6	56.3	57.6
[+]	Transportation			144.7	150.2	159.3	162.8	161.5	161.4
[+]	General Government			79.0	84.0	88.5	83.4	84.0	85.9
[+]	Other Spending			349.4	259.3	248.3	213.9	144.9	197.0
[+]	Interest			888.6	965.5	1,013.4	1,072.4	1,135.7	1,190.4
[+]	Balance			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
[+]	Total Spending:  Start chart			6,940.9	7,266.0	7,419.4	7,696.6	8,082.5	8,312.8
[+]	Federal Deficit			1,859.4	1,781.0	1,546.7	1,510.3	1,572.9	1,482.9
[+]	Gross Public Debt			35,107.9	37,096.5	39,039.6	40,787.5	42,460.8	44,164.9
[+]	Other Borrowing			259.6	207.5	396.5	237.6	100.4	221.2
[+]	Agency GSE Debt			13,898.4	15,176.5	16,573.3	18,100.0	19,768.7	21,592.9
[+]	Grants			0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Outlays: Pie Chart: Select a pie chart you wish to display. You can create a pie chart for federal, state and local, and overall spending/revenue. b - budgeted estimate in US FY25 budget e - estimated by usgovernmentspending.com g - 'guesstimated' projection by usgovernmentspending.com Data Sources for 2024: Federal: Fed. Budget: Hist. Tables 3.2, 5.1, 7.1 Data Sources for 2029: Federal: Fed. Budget: Hist. Tables 3.2, 5.1, 7.1

Spending Definitions

Notes

The table shows overall budgeted federal outlays for major functions for the next five years, as estimated in the historical tables in the current presidential budget.

You can change the budget to be analyzed or drill down to view more detailed spending information.

But. For the “default” and “programs” views, we have extracted data from the Public Budget Database to expand Social Security and Medicare beyond the single line item each gets in Table 3.2. The Public Budget Database starts publishing six years of estimated outlays with the FY10 budget, so this page will only provide a full six years of estimated outlays starting with the FY10 budget.

Data Sources: Federal spending from Budget of the United States Government.

For a discussion of the sources of the government spending data used here read How We Got the Data for usgovernmentspending.com.

Budget Updates: The president’s budget is typically published each year in February.

Download Federal Budget Data for 2024-2029

Tab-delimited Table

Here is the budget table with columns tab-delimited. You can cut and paste directly into a spreadsheet:

You can copy all the text in the textbox by clicking your cursor in the box. Then press Ctrl-A and Ctrl-C and paste the text into your spreadsheet.

US Federal Government Spending Fiscal Year 2024 - 2029 Estimated Outlays in $ billion nom Year FY 2024 Outlays FY 2025 Outlays FY 2026 Outlays FY 2027 Outlays FY 2028 Outlays FY 2029 Outlays Pensions 1,528.6 b 1,609.6 b 1,703.2 b 1,797.8 b 1,900.2 b 1,985.0 b Health Care 1,705.5 b 1,834.9 b 1,954.3 b 2,079.3 b 2,257.5 b 2,265.5 b Education 312.0 b 207.5 b 206.6 b 221.2 b 243.9 b 256.7 b Defense 1,323.9 b 1,363.4 b 1,388.5 b 1,423.2 b 1,484.8 b 1,490.8 b Welfare 553.9 b 735.5 b 601.4 b 587.0 b 613.7 b 622.6 b Protection 55.3 b 56.1 b 56.0 b 55.6 b 56.3 b 57.6 b Transportation 144.7 b 150.2 b 159.3 b 162.8 b 161.5 b 161.4 b General Government 79.0 b 84.0 b 88.5 b 83.4 b 84.0 b 85.9 b Other Spending 349.4 b 259.3 b 248.3 b 213.9 b 144.9 b 197.0 b Interest 888.6 b 965.5 b 1,013.4 b 1,072.4 b 1,135.7 b 1,190.4 b Balance 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Total Spending 6,940.9 b 7,266.0 b 7,419.4 b 7,696.6 b 8,082.5 b 8,312.8 b Federal Deficit 1,859.4 b 1,781.0 b 1,546.7 b 1,510.3 b 1,572.9 b 1,482.9 b Gross Public Debt 35,107.9 e 37,096.5 e 39,039.6 e 40,787.5 e 42,460.8 e 44,164.9 e Other Borrowing 259.6 b 207.5 b 396.5 b 237.6 b 100.4 b 221.2 b Agency GSE Debt 13,898.4 g 15,176.5 g 16,573.3 g 18,100.0 g 19,768.7 g 21,592.9 g Grants 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Legend: b - budgeted estimate in US FY25 budget e - estimated by usgovernmentspending.com g - 'guesstimated' projection by usgovernmentspending.com Data Sources for 2024: Federal: <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/budget/2025/BUDGET-2025-TAB Fed. Budget: Hist. Tables 3.2, 5.1, 7.1 Data Sources for 2029: Federal: <a href="https://www.govinfo.gov/app/collection/budget/2025/BUDGET-2025-TAB Fed. Budget: Hist. Tables 3.2, 5.1, 7.1 source: usgovernmentspending.com

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Spending Data Sources

Spending data is from official government sources.

• Federal spending data since 1962 comes from the president’s budget.
  
• All other spending data comes from the US Census Bureau.

Gross Domestic Product data comes from US Bureau of Economic Analysis and measuringworth.com.

Detailed table of spending data sources here.
Medicare breakdown here; Medicaid breakdown here.

Federal spending data begins in 1792.

State and local spending data begins in 1820.

State and local spending data for individual states begins in 1957.